← System Design & Scalable Architecture|Level 1: Scalability Metrics & Load Balancing Patterns

2. Load Balancing Algorithms & Consistent Hashing

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Load Balancing Algorithms & Consistent Hashing

Distribute incoming traffic using Layer 4 (Transport) & Layer 7 (Application) Load Balancers, and master Consistent Hashing ring placement.

Consistent Hashing Rings

### Why Consistent Hashing?
Traditional modulo hashing ($	ext{hash}(key) pmod N$) requires remapping almost 100% of keys whenever a cache node is added or removed ($N 	o N+1$). **Consistent Hashing** maps keys and nodes onto a circular $2^{32}-1$ hash ring, remapping only $K/N$ keys during node scaling.

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